fiscal

财政年度

a twelve-month period that a company or government uses for financial reporting

财政政策

the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy

利用政府支出和税收来影响经济

the amount by which government spending exceeds its revenue over a particular period

财政刺激

government action, such as increased spending or tax cuts, to boost economic activity

与政府支出和税收相关的经济刺激。

财政季度

a three-month period on a company's financial calendar

公司财务日历中的三个月期间。

财政危机

a situation in which a government's finances are in a severe state of distress

指政府财政陷入严重困境的状况

policies that aim to reduce government budget deficits through spending cuts or tax increases

财政改革

changes made to a government's taxation and spending policies

对政府的税收和支出政策进行的变革

财政责任

the principle that a government should manage its finances in a way that is prudent and sustainable

指政府应以审慎和可持续的方式管理其财政的原则

the practice of a government maintaining a sustainable budget and avoiding excessive spending

财政紧缩

the act of limiting government spending to control public debt

财政激励

a financial inducement offered by a government to encourage specific behaviors or investments

与政府收入（特别是税收）相关的激励

a person who adheres to the philosophy of fiscal conservatism

财政失衡

a significant disparity between government revenues and expenditures

a political-economic philosophy advocating for low taxes, reduced government spending, and minimal government debt

财政管理不善

poor or dishonest management of a country's or organization's finances

特指政府收入和支出方面的管理不善。

财政制度

the overall framework of fiscal policies, rules, and institutions in a country

一个国家的财政政策、规则和机构的总体框架