mutation

基因突变

A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence.

DNA序列的永久性改变。

A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene.

常见突变

A mutation that occurs frequently in a population.

在群体中频繁发生的突变。

罕见突变

A mutation that occurs infrequently in a population.

在群体中不常发生的突变。

随机突变

A mutation that occurs randomly without a specific cause.

随机发生、没有特定原因的突变。

偶然突变

A mutation that occurs randomly without a specific cause.

随机发生、没有特定原因的突变。

细胞突变

A mutation that occurs in a body cell.

发生在体细胞中的突变。

有害突变

A mutation that has a negative effect on the organism.

对生物体有负面影响的突变。

致死突变

A mutation that results in the death of the organism.

导致生物体死亡的突变。

有益突变

A mutation that has a positive effect on the organism.

对生物体有积极影响的突变。

有利突变

A mutation that provides a benefit to the organism.

为生物体提供益处的突变。

突变率

The rate at which mutations occur over time.

突变随时间发生的速率。

突变频率

The proportion of mutant cells or individuals in a population.

群体中突变细胞或个体的比例。

突变导致某事物

When a mutation is the direct reason for a condition or change.

当突变是某种状况或变化的直接原因时。

突变导致某事物

When a mutation results in a particular outcome.

当突变导致某一特定结果时。

突变造成某事物

When a mutation has a particular effect or outcome.

当突变产生特定影响或结果时。

突变发生

When a mutation happens or takes place.

当突变发生时。

突变影响某事物

When a mutation has an influence on a particular trait or function.

当突变对特定性状或功能产生影响时。

突变出现

When a new mutation appears or begins to exist.

当一个新的突变出现或开始存在时。

导致突变

To be the reason for a mutation to occur.

成为突变发生的原因。

携带突变

To possess a specific genetic mutation.

拥有特定的基因突变。

包含突变

To have a mutation as part of a genetic sequence.

作为基因序列的一部分含有突变。

产生突变

To create or result in a mutation.

造成或导致突变。

引入突变

To deliberately create a mutation, usually in a laboratory setting.

有意地制造突变，通常在实验室环境中。

经历突变

To experience the process of mutation.

经历突变的过程。

获得突变

To develop a new mutation that was not inherited.

产生一个非遗传的新突变。

发生突变

To undergo a (usually negative) mutation.

经历（通常是负面的）突变。